When the mainboard of an AC charging pile begins to participate in virtual power plant dispatching, what additional communication and control protocols does it need to implement?

The mainboard of AC charging piles participating in the Virtual Power Plant (VPP) dispatching needs to add three types of protocols

Power grid layer (connected to the dispatch center)

• IEC 61850: Real-time power/ voltage transmission, fault isolation response within 10ms

• IEC 104: Receive AGC power regulation commands and adjust within ±10% within 30 seconds

Aggregation Layer (Connected to VPP Platform)

• OCPP 2.0.1 Extension: Accepting dynamic electricity prices, reporting available capacity, and 5-second emergency load shedding

• OpenADR: Automated Demand Response, Automatically Reducing Power or Reversing Power Flow During High Electricity Prices

• EEBUS: European Home Energy Management, Coordinating Photovoltaic Storage and Charging Sequences

Device Layer (Connected to Local Devices)

• ISO 15118-20: Interaction with Vehicle BMS for SOC, Departure Time, and V2G Bidding

• CAN/Modbus: Read Energy Storage BMS and Photovoltaic Inverter Output

• DLMS/COSEM: Meter Reading and Demand Limit Exceedance Prevention

Hardware Upgrade: Replace the main controller with an A7+1 TOPS NPU, add Ethernet/CAN/RS-485, costing an additional 88 yuan, but yielding over 500 yuan/year per charging pile, with a payback period of six months.

a sentence：VPP transforms a 7kW charging pile into an "energy router," enabling three-tier protocols and edge AI for grid integration, platform connectivity, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) communication, serving as the smallest adjustable unit of a virtual power plant.

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