What is the working principle of the single-phase charging pile control motherboard?

The working principle of the single-phase charging pile control motherboard mainly includes the following key steps:

Principle of Electric Energy Conversion

• Single phase AC input: The input voltage of a single-phase charging station is 220V AC, which is the standard single-phase voltage for civilian use.

• Rectification circuit processing: The input AC power first passes through a rectification circuit, usually composed of a diode bridge rectifier, to convert AC power into DC power. This step is necessary because the subsequent control circuit and charging module typically require a DC power supply.

• Filtering circuit processing: The rectified DC power contains a lot of ripple, so it is necessary to use filtering circuits (such as capacitors and inductors) to smooth the DC power and provide a more stable power supply. The filtered DC power will be sent to the charging module.

• DC-DC conversion: In order to match the voltage and charging requirements of electric vehicle batteries, the DC-DC converter in the charging module will convert the filtered DC power into a DC voltage and current suitable for battery charging. The converter will dynamically adjust the output voltage and current based on the information provided by the Battery Management System (BMS).

Charging control principle

• Charging mode selection: Users can choose different charging modes, such as slow charging, fast charging, or timed charging. The charging station adjusts the output power and charging time according to the user's selection.

• Charging status monitoring: During the charging process, the control motherboard monitors real-time parameters such as battery voltage, current, and temperature to ensure the safety of the charging process.

• Charging process control: The charging station controls the start and stop of the charging process by controlling the on/off of the relay, and can automatically adjust the charging parameters according to the battery status.

Principles of Communication Interaction

• Communication with vehicles: Charging stations communicate with the battery management system (BMS) of electric vehicles to obtain battery status information, such as battery capacity, current voltage, temperature, etc.

• Data transmission and feedback: The charging station transmits charging status, fault information, and other data to the backend management system, while receiving control instructions from the backend, such as remote start or stop charging, adjusting charging parameters, etc.

• User interface interaction: Users can perform charging operations, view charging status and cost information through the human-machine interaction interface of the charging station (such as display screen and operation buttons), and the interface will also display charging progress and expected completion time.

The working principle of the single-phase charging pile control motherboard mainly includes three principle systems: energy conversion principle, charging control principle, and communication exchange principle.